Gene technology refers to a wide variety of activities dealing with understanding gene expression, benefits of natural genetic variation, changing genes, and transferring genes to new hosts. All living things contain genes, which are passed down from one generation to the next. The term "gene technology" refers to a variety of methods, including as genetic alteration, RNAi, and marker-assisted breeding. GMOs are only made possible by a few gene technologies. To accomplish the intended aim, we employ the most effective technique or methods possible. A marker is used in the Marker Assisted Selection (MAS) procedure. Indirect selection of a genetic determinant or determinants of an interest characteristic, such as productivity, disease resistance, abiotic stress tolerance, and quality, is carried out using a marker. Breeding of both plants and animals uses this mechanism. The four main categories of these indicators are morphological, biochemical, cytological, DNA-based, and molecular-based markers. Marker-assisted selection is now used by plant breeders (MAS). The markers are a piece of DNA made up of a string or sequence of nucleic acids. The markers are passed down through generations according to the rules of inheritance and are situated close to the desired gene's DNA sequence. The genomic sequences in almost all eukaryotic cells can now be directly targeted and altered using genome editing techniques, which are based on bacterial nucleases. Genome editing has improved our capacity to comprehend how heredity influences disease by promoting the development of more accurate cellular and animal models of pathogenic processes. Additionally, it has begun to show amazing promise in a variety of areas, from fundamental to applied biotechnology. Rapid innovations in programmable nucleases, such as Zinc-Finger Nucleases (ZFNs), Transcription Activator like Effector Nucleases (TALENs), and CRISPR-Cas-associated nucleases, have significantly sped up the transition of gene editing from theory to clinical application. Here, we look at the most recent advancements in the three primary genome editing methods, with a focus on eukaryotic cells and animal models to look at how their derivative reagents are used as gene editing approaches in a range of human illnesses and potential future treatments. The genome editing to treat diseases and some of the challenges involved in applying this technology. The science of the human genome has been altered by the rapid development of genome editing in recent years, which has allowed scientists to learn more about the role that a single gene product plays in the health of an organism. With the advent of genetic engineering in the 1970s, genome editing entered a new phase. These methods are based on bacterial or synthetic nucleases. Genome editing is enabled by providing the editing machinery in situ, which efficiently adds, deletes, and corrects genes as well as performs other highly concentrated genomic modifications. Targeted DNA mutations are preceded by nuclease-induced double strand breaks (DSBs), which activate highly efficient cellular DNA recombination mechanisms in mammalian cells. CRISPR-associated nuclease is a potent gene editing tool that was very recently discovered. It originates from a bacterial adaptive immune defence mechanism. This technique may successfully be programmed to alter the genome of eukaryotic cells via an RNA-guided DNA cleavage module, making it a viable alternative to ZFNs and TALENs for inducing specific genetic mutations. Since its initial application in 2013 in mammalian cells as a tool to edit the genome, the versatile CRISPR technology has rapidly increased its utility in changing gene expression. The creation of programmable nucleases has substantially accelerated the transition of gene editing from the laboratory to the clinic and given researchers an unparalleled power capability to alter virtually any gene in a variety of cell types and species. Genome editing is now under investigation in preclinical trials, primarily for the treatment of viral infections, Cardio Vascular Diseases (CVDs), metabolic disorders, immune system abnormalities, haemophilia, muscular dystrophy, and the development of T cell-based anticancer immunotherapies. After progressing past preclinical research, some of these approaches are presently completing phase clinical trials. Here, we explore how their derivative reagents might be used as gene editing tools to treat a variety of human diseases and to develop exciting new treatments, with an emphasis on eukaryotic cells and animal models.